Which developmental conflict occurs during birth to 1 year in Erikson's psychosocial development theory?

• A. Trust versus Mistrust
• B. Autonomy versus Shame and Doubt
• C. Initiative versus Guilt
• D. Industry versus Inferiority

Answer: (A)

Trust versus mistrust is the developmental conflict that unfolds from birth through about the first year. In this stage the infant relies completely on caregivers to meet basic needs—feeding, warmth, safety, and comfort. When these needs are met consistently and promptly, the child learns that the world is dependable and that people can be trusted, laying the groundwork for hope and a sense of safety to explore. If care is inconsistent or neglectful, the infant may develop mistrust, feeling that the world is unpredictable or that caregivers cannot be relied upon. This early sense of trust forms the foundation for later relationships and approaches to new experiences, while the other conflicts—autonomy versus shame and doubt, initiative versus guilt, and industry versus inferiority—occur as the child grows and their abilities expand.